What did the Age of Enlightenment place a strong emphasis on?

The Age of Enlightenment was characterized by a strong emphasis on observation and analysis across various fields, including philosophy, science, and politics. Thinkers of the Enlightenment encouraged the questioning of established norms and traditions, advocating for knowledge based on empirical evidence and rational thought rather than on superstition or blind faith. This era marked a shift towards valuing reason and inquiry, leading to significant advancements in scientific understanding and reforms in governance. Intellectuals like John Locke, Voltaire, and Rousseau contributed to ideas about human rights, democracy, and critical thinking, influencing modern Western thought.

In contrast, traditional authority of the church was increasingly challenged during this time, as Enlightenment thinkers promoted secularism and the separation of church and state. Religious intolerance was also countered by ideas advocating for freedom of religion and belief. Lastly, the notion of governance determined solely by monarchy contradicted the Enlightenment’s push toward democratic ideals and the belief in the social contract and individual rights, arguing instead for a government accountable to its people.